The Principles on Effective Interviewing for Investigations and Information Gathering or the "Méndez Principles" aim to modify practices by replacing coercive interrogations with rapport-based interviews.
Based on science, law, and ethics, the Méndez Principles propose a concrete alternative to interrogation methods that rely on coercion to extract confessions. They improve the results of investigations, fully respect human rights and enhance trust in the State.
Effective interviewing must be grounded in science, law and ethics.
It rejects coercion and recognises that respecting human dignity leads to better outcomes. By placing human rights at its core, this approach produces more accurate, reliable information while strengthening trust in the justice system.
Effective interviewing is a comprehensive process for gathering accurate and reliable information while implementing associated legal safeguards.
Effective interviewing is a process that extends well beyond the interview room. From the first contact with authorities through preparation, questioning and follow-up, every stage should be carefully planned and conducted with fairness and respect. A structured, rapport-based approach improves the quality of information while reducing the risk of torture and ill-treatment.
Effective interviewing requires identifying and addressing the needs of interviewees in situations of vulnerability.
Every person is different, and interviews should reflect their individual circumstances and needs. Children, persons with disabilities, survivors of trauma and others in situations of vulnerability may require additional safeguards and adaptations. Recognising these needs protects their rights while enabling interviewers to obtain more accurate and reliable information.
Effective interviewing is a professional undertaking that requires specific training.
Effective interviewing is a specialised professional skill that requires comprehensive training and continuous development. Interviewers should be equipped with practical techniques based on science, legal standards and ethical practice. Ongoing learning, supervision and evaluation help ensure that these skills are applied consistently and effectively.
Effective interviewing requires transparent and accountable institutions.
Effective interviewing depends on institutions that are transparent, accountable and committed to good practice. Clear procedures, independent oversight and accurate record-keeping help prevent abuse and strengthen confidence in investigations. Accountability also ensures that interviewing practices continue to improve over time.
The implementation of effective interviewing requires robust national measures.
Making effective interviewing the norm requires sustained commitment across the entire justice system. Governments and institutions must provide the laws, policies, resources and leadership needed to support lasting reform. When fully implemented, these principles help build justice systems that are more effective, more humane and better able to protect the rights of all.
